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''Pseudomonilicaryon anser'' is a unicellular ciliate protozoan in the family Dileptidae, also known under the names ''Dileptus anser'' and ''Dileptus cygnus''. The species is common in fresh water ponds, stagnant pools, mosses and soils. For nearly a century and a half, the species was classified in the genus ''Dileptus''. In 2012, following a comprehensive review of the dileptid group, it was moved to the genus ''Pseudomonilicaryon'', which is distinguished from ''Dileptus'' by the shape of its macronucleus. The macronucleus of ''Pseudomonilicaryon'' is arranged like a string of beads, whereas that of ''Dileptus'' is composed of small nodules scattered throughout the cytoplasm of the cell.〔Vďačný, Peter, and Wilhelm Foissner. Monograph of the dileptids (Protista, Ciliophora, Rhynchostomatia). Land Oberösterreich, Biologiezentrum/Oberösterreichische Landesmuseen, 2012: 361-70〕 ==History and classification== ''Pseudomonilicaryon anser'' has had a long and confusing history, complicated by a series of name changes and misidentifications. The species was first described and illustrated by Otto Müller in 1773, under the name ''Vibrio anser'', and redescribed by Ehrenberg in 1838, as ''Amphileptus anser''. In 1841, Félix Dujardin moved the species to the new genus ''Dileptus''. However, Dujardin's ''Dileptus anser'' was actually a misidentified specimen of ''Dileptus margaritifer (Ehrenberg, 1834''), a dileptid of similar size with a shorter proboscis and scattered macronucleus. In 1931, Alfred Kahl entrenched the error by treating ''D. margaritifer'' as a synonym of ''D. anser''.〔 The identity of ''Dileptus anser'' is also entangled with that of another long-necked dileptid, the nominal species ''Dileptus cygnus (Clap. & Lach., 1859)''. Kahl describes and illustrates ''Pseudomonilicaryon anser'' under this name, and most studies of the organism have used this nomenclature.〔 In 1984, ''Dileptus cygnus'' was formally identified as a junior synonym of ''Vibrio anser'' (Müller, 1773).〔Wirnsberger, Von Erna, Wilhelm Foissner, and Hans Adam. "Morphologie und Infraciliatur von ''Perispira pyriformis'' nov. spec., ''Cranotheridium foliosus'' (Foissner, 1983) nov. comb. und ''Dileptus anser'' (OF Müller, 1786)(Protozoa, Ciliophora)." Archiv für Protistenkunde 128.4 (1984): 305-317.〕 In 2012, Peter Vďačný and Wilhelm Foissner transferred ''Dileptus anser'' to the genus ''Pseudomonilicaryon'' Foissner, 1997.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pseudomonilicaryon anser」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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